Show-Me State Times

On April 8, 2024, a total solar eclipse will grace portions of North America, captivating sky gazers with its intricate cosmic dance. University of Missouri astronomer Haojing Yan sheds light on the science behind this celestial phenomenon.

Yan explains that while total solar eclipses occur on Earth every 18 months, they are a rare occurrence for specific locations, happening only once every 360-410 years. He delves into the "diamond ring effect" that occurs during an eclipse, stating, "At the beginning of a totality, when the sun is just being blocked, some of its light will still come through the valleys around the moon’s visible surface. This makes it look like a shining diamond on a ring."

The significance of total solar eclipses goes beyond their visual splendor. Yan points out that these events have led to crucial scientific discoveries, such as the validation of Einstein's theory of general relativity during a 1919 eclipse and the discovery of helium in 1868.

Moreover, the study of historical total solar eclipses has deepened our understanding of the universe. By examining these rare events, scientists gain valuable insights into the sun, our closest star, and glean information that aids in comprehending other stars in the vast cosmos.

As the world prepares to witness this cosmic spectacle, Frederick Fraunfelder, an ophthalmologist at MU Health Care, issues a vital reminder: "Don’t look directly at the sun!" He emphasizes the importance of wearing proper eye protection during the eclipse, stating, "You will not go blind during a solar eclipse... Blinding events come from staring at the sun for prolonged periods of time." Fraunfelder advises using verified solar eclipse glasses or other safe viewing methods to ensure a secure and memorable experience during this rare astronomical event.